How can non-relational data be characterized?

Non-relational data can be characterized as being stored without a fixed schema and in its natural format. This flexibility allows for a wide variety of data types and structures to be accommodated without the need for predefined organization. Examples of non-relational data include JSON documents, key-value pairs, and wide-column stores, which can easily handle varied and complex data types, such as unstructured text, images, and multimedia.

This characteristic of non-relational data makes it particularly well-suited for applications that need to evolve quickly or handle diverse data types, such as big data applications, real-time web apps, or content management systems. In contrast to relational databases, which require a defined schema and enforce data integrity through relationships, non-relational databases prioritize scalability and agility, allowing for rapid development and iteration.