What characterizes non-relational databases?

Non-relational databases, often referred to as NoSQL databases, are characterized by their ability to store data in a flexible way that matches the format of the data being handled. One of the main advantages of non-relational databases is that they are schema-less or have a dynamic schema, allowing for a more natural representation of the data, particularly in cases where data formats can vary significantly or evolve over time.

Storing data in a structure that matches the original format is particularly useful when dealing with unstructured or semi-structured data, such as documents, images, or JSON objects, which may not fit neatly into a traditional table with fixed columns and data types. This flexibility enables developers to work with diverse data types and makes it easier to adapt to changes in data requirements without needing to redesign the database schema.

In contrast, traditional relational databases enforce a strict schema, requiring predefined columns and data types, and typically represent data in rows and columns. This model can be less adaptable to the diverse and varying data structures found in more modern applications, which is why many organizations are turning to non-relational databases for specific use cases like web applications, big data analytics, and real-time analytics.