What does semi-structured data include?

Semi-structured data refers to information that does not follow a strict schema like structured data but still has some organizational properties that make it easier to analyze than unstructured data. This type of data often includes tags or markers to separate elements, which helps to identify the data's structure without being fully rigid.

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a prime example of semi-structured data because it uses a lightweight format that is easy for humans to read and write while also being easy for machines to parse and generate. It consists of attribute-value pairs and arrays, making it flexible enough to represent complex data structures. Similarly, key-value pairs, which are fundamental in many NoSQL databases, allow for a form of organization that can also be classified as semi-structured. These characteristics make JSON and key-value pairs fitting representations of semi-structured data.

The other choices primarily focus on either structured or unstructured data types. Text documents might contain structured formats but are often unstructured in their content. CSV files, while structured, do not fit the semi-structured category since they adhere to a strict format (columns and rows). Audio and video files are generally considered unstructured as they do not have an intrinsic organization that allows for straightforward data extraction and analysis without