Which term refers to the process of separating data into multiple related tables?

The process of separating data into multiple related tables is known as data normalization. Data normalization is a design technique used in databases to minimize redundancy and dependency by organizing fields and table relationships. This process typically involves dividing a larger table into smaller ones while establishing relationships between them, often through the use of foreign keys.

By creating separate tables for different data entities, normalization helps ensure that data is logically stored and efficiently accessed. It also enhances data integrity and consistency, allowing for easier updates and maintenance. The ultimate goal is to eliminate duplication of data while still ensuring that the relationships between different data entities are preserved.

Other concepts like data integration, data aggregation, and data distribution relate to different aspects of data management and processing but do not specifically focus on the structural organization of data into tables. Data integration involves combining data from different sources into a unified view, data aggregation refers to summarizing data from detailed records, and data distribution is about spreading data across various locations or systems. Therefore, normalization specifically addresses the structure and organization of data within relational databases.